CREATION
Dan Forrest (b. 1978)
Written for the 75th anniversary of the Wayne Oratorio Society (Philadelphia), Dan Forrest’s CREATION honors the 225th anniversary of Haydn’s similarly titled masterpiece. This 72-minute work for chorus and orchestra is less a strict narrative, and more a celebration of the wonders and beauties of our world, using a variety of ancient texts as thematic commentary.
Veni, Creator Spiritus, Come, Creator Spirit,
Mentes tuorum visita, Visit the souls of your devoted,
Imple superna gratia With your divine grace fill
Quae tu creasti pectora. The hearts which you have created.
(from Veni, Creator Spiritus, ancient liturgy)
Introit ushers the listener into a mysterious world before the dawn of time, as chants of Veni, Creator Spiritus arise and are mixed with the introduction of key musical themes for the entire work.
Vox Domini, The voice of the Lord,
Dominus super aquas. Lord over the waters.
In principio Deus… In the beginning, God…
(from Psalm 29 and Genesis 1)
The Dance Before Time begins without pause, with the “spirit moving upon the face of the waters.” A mezzo-soprano solo begins the narrative, “in principio Deus,” amidst swirls of themes from this movement and the previous one, and creative energy builds, waiting to be unleashed.
III. The Lion Sings
…Creavit. …created.
Credo in unum Deum, I believe in one God,
Patrem omnipotentem, The Father almighty,
factorem coeli et terrae, maker of heaven and earth,
visibilium omnium of all things visible
et invisibilium. and invisible.
(from Genesis 1 and Credo, ancient liturgy)
The Lion Sings alludes to a well-known Lion in famous English children’s literature, who sang a world into existence. A well-read listener will hear every musical detail from that story happening, from the baritone soloist singing the Lion’s song, to the sun bursting into light, the unfurling of all green things, and eventually all animals coming to life in a raucous barndance celebrating the joy of all creation.
We then encounter several tableaus representing the days of creation; each sets a Scriptural or liturgical text as commentary on the beauty of that part of creation, inspired by various experiences from the composer’s travels.
Ego sum lux mundi, I am the light of the world,
Ego sum lumen vitae. I am the light of life.
Qui sequitur me Who follows me
sed habebit lumen vitae. shall have the light of life.
(from John 8)
Refrain
Et vidit Deus And God saw the
[lucem/caelum/astra/ [light/sky/stars/
creaturas/opus], creatures/work],
quod opus esset bonum. that the work was good.
Tota pulchra, tota es, Wholly beautiful are you, entirely,
et macula non est in te. and there is no stain in you.
Alleluia. Alleluia.
(from Genesis 1 and Tota Pulchra Es, ancient liturgy/Song of Solomon 4)
Light, inspired by countless sunrises, sets “I am the light of the world; who follows me shall have the light of life” as an exuberant dance in asymmetrical meter. The initial melody from the Introit then returns as a coda with new text combining “…and God saw that it was good” from Genesis with words from the Song of Solomon – a love song to an unspoiled creation: “wholly beautiful are you, entirely, and there is no stain in you.” This refrain is then heard after each day of creation, transformed into that movement’s unique musical style.
Quoniam videbo When I behold
caelos tuos… your heavens…
Caeli enarrant the heavens are telling
gloriam Dei. the glory of God.
Opus manus eius The firmament declares
adnuntiat firmamentum. the work of his hands.
(from Psalms 8 and 19)
Refrain
Sky is inspired by the expanse of the open sky. As the first tribute to Haydn, melodic themes from his The Heavens Are Telling are interwoven (in slow motion) with modern harmonization and new material throughout this movement.
Vinea mea electa, My chosen vineyard,
ego te plantavi. I planted you.
Locus iste a Deo factus est, This place was made by God,
inaestimabile sacramentum; a priceless holy place;
irreprehensibilis est. it is without fault.
(from Vinea me electa and Locus Iste, ancient liturgies)
Refrain
The Garden is an expression of the composer’s love of various gardens in the world, from New York (Central Park) to Singapore (Botanical Gardens) to his own #forrestgardens. This setting reimagines the meaning of sacred texts to express the priceless beauty of green spaces; the Locus Iste here refers not to a cathedral, but to the sacred sanctuary of a garden. The music slowly twines around itself, almost like time-lapse photography of plants unfolding shoots and leaves.
VII. Music of the Spheres
Pleni sunt caeli et terra Heaven and earth are full
gloria tua. of thy glory.
Hosanna in excelsis. Hosanna in the highest.
(from Sanctus, ancient liturgy)
Refrain
Music of the Spheres invokes the concept of “musica universalis”- the “music of the heavens” that the ancients believed was created by the orderly and proportional motion of the stars and planets in space, as well as “vox caelestis” – the “voice of the heavens” that speaks in the night sky. The Sanctus text is set here as a four-part mensuration canon, where each melodic subject entrance is twice as slow as the previous one; eventually we hear the same melodic line at four different speeds simultaneously, picturing the clock-like precision of the stars and planets moving through space.
VIII. Wings
Oh that I had wings like a dove
– wings of the morning –
then I would fly.
(from Psalms 55, 139)
Wings represents the “flying creatures” portion of day five, with text from the Psalms. The music begins delicately, like a newly hatched butterfly first unfolding its wings and fanning them, then gradually builds to the moment where it bursts into flight and is carried on the wind until it disappears from sight. The main melodic ostinato in the accompaniment of this movement is an example of augenmusik – music for the eyes- where the musical page looks like the ideas being described: its instrumental melodic contour outlines the line-drawn shape of a bird in flight.
Vidi aquam egredientem, I saw water flowing,
et omnes ad quos and all to whom
pervenit aqua ista this water came
salvi facti sunt, were saved,
et dicent, alleluia! and shall say Alleluia!
(from Vidi Aquam, ancient liturgy)
Refrain
Deep Blue then turns to the “deep sea” portion of day five, with liturgical text “I saw water flowing…”. The mysteries of the deep are invoked with low thick textures and constantly flowing water and waves. Eventually, “Alleluias” arise from the depths, like a whale breaching the surface of the ocean.
Digitus Dei dexterae, Finger of God’s right hand,
Tu rite You are the one
promissum Patris. duly promised by the Father.
Accende lumen Enkindle your light
sensibus, in our minds,
Infunde amorem cordibus. Infuse love in our hearts.
(from Veni, Creator Spiritus, ancient liturgy)
Ish Ishah was inspired by Michelangelo’s famous painting The Creation of Adam. Its finger of God reaching to humanity was quite possibly inspired by the Veni Creator Spiritus text (heard earlier in this work), in the stanza sung here: “Finger of God’s right hand…kindle your light in our minds, infuse love in our hearts.” Many believe that the primary character visible on God’s arm in the painting is Eve; her face as she strains for a look at Adam reflects the first stirring of human love, with all its wonder and complexity – the moment God “infuses love into our hearts.” The Hebrew words Ish Ishah are taken from the Genesis narrative, representing man and woman, and this setting presents humanity as the pinnacle of all creation, not merely in their intellect or the beauty of their form, but in their capacity to love.
If something goes on endlessly repeating itself,
it might feel like mere clockwork.
We might feel that if the universe was personal, it would vary –
that if the sun were alive, it would dance.
But perhaps…the sun rises every morning
because he never gets tired of rising.
His routine might be due not to lifelessness, but to a rush of life.
Children, with their endless energy,
always want things repeated and unchanged…
they always say, “Do it again.”
What if God has this eternal vitality,
and is strong enough to exult in repetition?
Perhaps God says every morning, “Do it again” to the sun;
and every evening, “Do it again” to the moon,
…but has never gotten tired of it.
It may not be necessity that makes all daisies alike;
perhaps God makes every daisy, one at a time,
because he has never grown tired of making them.
This grand show is eternal.
It is always sunrise somewhere;
a shower is forever falling; vapor is ever rising.
Eternal sunrise, eternal sunset,
eternal dawn and gloaming,
on sea and continents and islands,
each in its turn, as this round earth rolls.
-Adapted from G.K. Chesterton and John Muir (used by permission)
Do It Again is a musical underscore for narration from two of the composer’s favorite passages of writing about this earth: one from English philosopher G.K. Chesterton and one from environmental advocate John Muir. The music reprises a theme introduced in the Introit but not heard again until now (thus musically picturing the sense of “do it again”).
XII. Boundless
Laudate, luces, Praise him, lights,
Laudate, caela, Praise him, skies,
Laudate, horti et ast’res! Praise him, gardens and stars!
Laudate, creaturae, Praise him, creatures,
Laudate, filii! Praise him, children!
Refrain
Boundless unleashes a torrent of musical themes, all piling on top of each other, in a finale celebrating the diversity yet wholeness of all creation. The title refers both to the limitless joy found within the movement as well as the seemingly limitless number of themes (from within this work and beyond) which all tumble together. Amidst all this celebration, a fugue breaks out. Marked “Homage to FJH”, it uses thematic material from this work’s Credo within the formal and harmonic structure of Haydn’s beloved Awake the Harp. Eventually all possible themes and subjects are recapitulated in a celebration whose joy can only be described as boundless.
Artwork note: the circle shape and the complete color spectrum represent the diversity yet wholeness and interconnectedness of all creation. The line drawings represent (clockwise) the themes of creation as presented in the work: Light, Sky, Garden, Spheres, Wings and Deep Blue (note that these lines both have double meanings: waves of the ocean and fish scales, and interlocking bird shapes that also evoke clouds/sky), and lastly, Ish Ishah (humanity) represented by double helixes. All these lines flow together in one interdependent whole, as does creation.
Program notes by Dan Forrest
